留学美国,建筑专业毕业之后的就业前景是很多人关心的问题,这仍旧需要到美国的大环境中去考察:
要想成为一名合格的美国建筑师并不是那么容易。在美国,要想从事建筑行业设计的合法执业,必须获得美国全国注册建筑师委员会(简称NCARB) 的资格认证才能合法执业。美国建筑专业硕士毕业后,学生们要在建筑师事务所工作2-3年,进行助理建筑师实践。与国内不同,这里的助理建筑师工作同样需要申请人按照NCARB助理建筑师工作实践认证要求,由2名资深注册建筑师确认和推荐,完成申请手续,待拿到助理建筑师实践工作认证之后,方具备申请注册建筑师的条件。
建筑业是美国经济发展至关重要的发动引擎,具有重要的经济地位。建筑业从业人员有600万,其中全职人员400万,如算上建筑材料生产、运输和销售行业所雇人员,建筑业就业者占全美就业总数的16%。建筑材料和物资投资占美国制造业发货量的11%,施工机械投资占美国总机械设备发货量的10%。据来自美国某官方文件显示:建筑师的平均年薪约为10万多美元,其中包括加班工资、津贴和奖金,这些是AIA对1200家公司的调查结果,建筑师们的收入比典型的白领专业技术人员高出许多。在调查中发现,大型的设计公司愿意付更多的工资给来自于名校的建筑师们。当一家公司有超过250名的设计人员时,平均有100名是来自美国建筑排名前10的大学,平均每个人的创造额为7.4万美元。由此可见美国一流大学的建筑学毕业的学生以及成为建筑市场绝对的竞争胜利者。
建筑专业职业导向:建筑师,城市规划者,园林建筑师,建筑学史学家,画图预设职员,工业预设职员,施工项目经理。
专业认证:
各所大学建筑学专业和学位均由美国国家建筑学鉴定委员会(National Architectural Accrediting Board,NAAB) 组织评定,对其专业和学术资格进行严格的认证。目前,全美共有154个受NAAB认证的建筑专业课程分布在123个院校中,其中包括1个博士学位,95个硕士学位和58个本科学士学位。一下是全美所有NAAB认证建筑专业名单(截止2012年11月22日官方最新记录):
B.Arch.: 建筑学学士(本科);M.Arch.: 建筑学硕士;D.Arch.: 建筑学博士
亚拉巴马州 (2所大学)
l Auburn University/BArch
l Tuskegee University/BArch
亚利桑那州 (3所大学)
l Arizona State University/MArch
l University of Arizona/BArch
l Frank Lloyd Wright School of Architecture/MArch
阿肯色州 (1所大学)
l University of Arkansas/BArch
加利福尼亚州(10所大学)
l Academy of Art University/MArch
l University of California at Berkeley/MArch
l University of California at Los Angeles, (UCLA)/ MArch
l California College of the Arts/BArch; MArch
l California Polytechnic State University/BArch
l California State Polytechnic University – Pomona/BArch; MArch
l New School of Architecture & Design/BArch; MArch
l Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-ARC)/ BArch; MArch
l University of Southern California/BArch; March
l Woodbury University/BArch; MArch - Candidate2
科罗拉多州 (1所大学)
l University of Colorado at Denver/Boulder/March
康涅狄格州(2所大学)
l University of Hartford/MArch
l Yale University/MArch
哥伦比亚特区 (2所大学)
l The Catholic University of America/MArch
l Howard University/BArch
佛罗里达州(6所大学)
l Florida A&M University/BArch; March
l Florida Atlantic University/BArch
l Florida International University/MArch
l University of Florida/MArch
l University of Miami/BArch; MArch
l University of South Florida/MArch
佐治亚州 (3所大学)
l Georgia Institute of Technology/March
l Savannah College of Arts & Design /March
l Southern Polytechnic State University/BArch
夏威夷州 (1所大学)
l University of Hawaii at Manoa/DArch
爱达荷州(1所大学)
l University of Idaho/MArch
伊利诺伊州(6所大学)
l Illinois Institute of Technology/BArch; March
l University of Illinois at Chicago/March
l University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign/March
l Judson University/March
l The School of the Art Institute of Chicago/MArch – Candidate
l Southern Illinois University Carbondale/March
印第安纳州 (2所大学)
l Ball State University/March
l University of Notre Dame/BArch; March
艾奥瓦州 (1所大学)
l Iowa State University/BArch; March
堪萨斯州 (2所大学)
l Kansas State University/March
l University of Kansas/MArch
肯塔基州 (1所大学)
l University of Kentucky/March
路易斯安那州(5所大学)
l University of Louisiana at Lafayette/MArch
l Louisiana State University/BArch; MArch
l Louisiana Tech University/BArch (thru 12/10); MArch
l Southern University and A&M/BArch
l Tulane University/MArch
马里兰州 (2所大学)
l University of Maryland/MArch
l Morgan State University/March
马萨诸塞州 (7所大学)
l Boston Architectural College/BArch; MArch
l Harvard University/MArch
l University of Massachusetts Amherst/MArch
l Massachusetts College of Art and Design/MArch - Candidate
l Massachusetts Institute of Technology/MArch
l Northeastern University/MArch
l Wentworth Institute of Technology/March
密歇根州 (4所大学)
l Andrews University/MArch
l University of Detroit Mercy/MArch
l Lawrence Technological University/MArch
l University of Michigan/MArch
明尼苏达州 (1所大学)
l University of Minnesota/March
密西西比州 (1所大学)
l Mississippi State University/BArch
密苏里州(2所大学)
l Drury College/BArch; MArch
l Washington University in St. Louis/March
蒙大拿州(1所大学)
l Montana State University/March
内布拉斯加州(1所大学)
l University of Nebraska-Lincoln/March
内华达州(1所大学)
University of Nevada - Las Vegas/MArch
新泽西州(2所大学)
New Jersey Institute of Technology/BArch; MArch
Princeton University/March
新墨西哥州(1所大学)
University of New Mexico/March
纽约州(10所大学)
l City College of The City University of New York/BArch; MArch
l Columbia University/MArch
l The Cooper Union/BArch
l Cornell University/BArch; MArch
l New York Institute of Technology/BArch
l Parsons School of Design/MArch
l Pratt Institute School of Architecture/BArch; MArch
l Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute/BArch; MArch
l State University of New York at Buffalo/MArch
l Syracuse University/Arch; MArch
北卡罗来纳州 (2所大学)
l University of North Carolina at Charlotte/BArch; MArch
l North Carolina State University/BArch; March
北达科他州 (1所大学)
l North Dakota State University/MArch
俄亥俄州 (4所大学)
l University of Cincinnati/MArch
l Kent State University/MArch
l Miami University School of Fine Arts/MArch
l Ohio State University/March
俄克拉何马州 (2所大学)
l Oklahoma State University/BArch
l University of Oklahoma/BArch; March
俄勒冈州 (2所大学)
l University of Oregon/BArch; MArch
l Portland State University/MArch – Candidate
宾夕法尼亚州 (6所大学)
l Carnegie Mellon University/BArch
l Drexel University/BArch
l Pennsylvania State University/BArch
l University of Pennsylvania/MArch
l Philadelphia University/BArch
l Temple University/BArch; MArch
波多黎各(2所大学)
l Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico/BArch
l Puerto Rico, Universidad de Escuela De Arquitectura/March
罗得岛州(2所大学)
l Rhode Island School of Design Architecture + Design/BArch; MArch
l Roger Williams University/March
南卡罗来纳州(1所大学)
l Clemson University/March
田纳西州 (2所大学)
l University of Memphis/MArch – Candidate
l University of Tennessee-Knoxville/BArch; March
德克萨斯州(8所大学)
l University of Houston/BArch; MArch
l Prairie View A&M University/MArch
l Rice University/BArch; MArch
l Texas A&M University/MArch
l University of Texas at Arlington/MArch
l University of Texas at Austin/BArch; MArch
l University of Texas at San Antonio/MArch
l Texas Tech University/March
犹他州(1所大学)
l University of Utah/MArch
佛蒙特州(1所大学)
l Norwich University/MArch
弗吉尼亚州(3所大学)
l Hampton University/MArch
l Virginia Tech/BArch; MArch
l University of Virginia/MArch
华盛顿州 (2所大学)
l University of Washington/MArch
l Washington State University/MArch
威斯康星州(1所大学)